Keratoconus is an eye disease characterized by a biomechanical weakening of the cornea, the outermost layer of the globe. Keratoconus usually starts in puberty and often goes undetected in its early stages. Left untreated, keratoconus will lead to an increase in astigmatism, an abnormal bulging of the cornea, and progressive
The kidney is a paired organ. The bean-shaped kidneys are located below the diaphragm at the posterior abdominal wall between the level of the 12th thoracic vertebra to the third lumbar vertebra. They are surrounded by an adipose capsule. Each consists of a cortex, which contains the renal glomeruli, the
Under certain circumstances, an over-saturation of substances may occur in the urine, which then precipitate and form the nucleus of a stone. The stones grow by accretion. A major reason for this is a chronically low fluid intake. Other reasons may be an unhealthy diet or metabolic disorders. <br/> <br/>A
